It became a municipality ( formannskapsdistrikt) on 1 January 1838. After being destroyed by a fire in 1624, during the reign of King Christian IV, a new city was built closer to Akershus Fortress and named Christiania in honour of the king. Personal unions with Denmark from 1397 to 1523 and again from 1536 to 1814 reduced its influence. The city was elevated to a bishopric in 1070 and a capital under Haakon V of Norway around 1300. Oslo was founded as a city at the end of the Viking Age in 1040 under the name Ánslo, and established as a kaupstad or trading place in 1048 by Harald Hardrada. ĭuring the Viking Age the area was part of Viken. The municipality of Oslo had a population of 702,543 in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of 1,019,513 in 2019, and the metropolitan area had an estimated population of 1,546,706 in 2021. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. Oslo ( / ˈ ɒ z l oʊ/ OZ-loh, US also / ˈ ɒ s l oʊ/ OSS-loh, Norwegian: ( listen) or ) is the capital and most populous city of Norway.

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